Showing posts with label Chandrayaan. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chandrayaan. Show all posts
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Chandrayaan-I Discovers Water On Moon

Chandrayaan , Cosmology 3 Comments
Chandrayaan-I on its maiden mission to the Moon has discovered traces of Water making it one of the greatest discoveries in recent times.

"Water ice on the moon has been something of a holy grail for lunar scientists for a very long time," said Jim Green, director of the Planetary Science Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington.

"This surprising finding has come about through the ingenuity, perseverance and international cooperation between NASA and the India Space Research Organisation," he said.

NASA said the M3 team found water molecules and hydroxyl at diverse areas of the sunlit region of the moon's surface, but the water signature appeared stronger at the moon's higher latitudes.

Data from the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer, or VIMS, on NASA's Cassini spacecraft and the High-Resolution Infrared Imaging Spectrometer on NASA's EPOXI spacecraft contributed to confirmation of the finding.


"The data from Cassini's VIMS instrument and M3 closely agree," said Roger Clark, a US Geological Survey scientist in Denver and member of both the VIMS and M3 teams.

"We see both water and hydroxyl. While the abundances are not precisely known, as much as 1,000 water molecule parts-per-million could be in the lunar soil. To put that into perspective, if you harvested one ton of the top layer of the moon's surface, you could get as much as 32 ounces of water," Clark said.

Although there is a lot more going on behind the scenes, the world governments are now slowly beginning to release paradigm rattling information to the general public tuned in to the evening news, from where they get most of their information. The Moon as we have been made to believe is way more than a natural satellite revolving around Planet Earth and it is no longer a secret that there is intelligent life on Moon and on most planets contrary to the general belief that we are alone in the universe. While we think in terms of life sustaining elements that support all life here on earth as an absolute essential for life in general to come into being in the cosmos ... there are an infinite number of planets and star systems out there which evolve on different principles and are based out of various other elements of creation.

In 1974, Carl Sagan encoded a message in binary code with the basic building blocks and elements of life here on planet earth and with the help of his team at SETI beamed this message into space in hope of contacting intelligent life somewhere out there in the cosmos. The transmission consisted of a simple, pictorial message, aimed at our putative cosmic companions in the globular star cluster M13. This cluster is roughly 21,000 light-years from us, near the edge of the Milky Way galaxy, and contains approximately a third of a million stars.

The broadcast was particularly powerful because it used Arecibo's megawatt transmitter attached to its 305 meter antenna. The latter concentrates the transmitter energy by beaming it into a very small patch of sky. The emission was equivalent to a 20 trillion watt omnidirectional broadcast, and would be detectable by a SETI experiment just about anywhere in the galaxy, assuming a receiving antenna similar in size to Arecibo's.The message consists of 1679 bits, arranged into 73 lines of 23 characters per line (these are both prime numbers, and may help the aliens decode the message). The "ones" and "zeroes" were transmitted by frequency shifting at the rate of 10 bits per second. The total broadcast was less than three minutes. A graphic showing the message is reproduced here. It consists, among other things, of the Arecibo telescope, our solar system, DNA, a stick figure of a human, and some of the biochemicals of earthly life.

On the 20th of August, 2001 we got a reply in the form of a crop circle ( The Arecibo Chilbolton Crop Glyph) near the Chilbolton radio telescope in Hampshire, UK ! Terje Toftenes' fascinating documentary called Crop Circles : Crossovers From Another Dimension illustrates further the response and numerous other subliminal messages from our space brothers ...




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Obama On India's Mission To The Moon

Barack Obama , Chandrayaan 1 Comments


Obama speaks ...

With India's launch of its first unmanned lunar spacecraft following closely on the heels of China's first spacewalk, we are reminded just how urgently the United States must revitalize its space program if we are to remain the undisputed leader in space, science, and technology. My comprehensive plan to revitalize the space program and close the gap between the Space Shuttle's retirement and its next-generation replacement includes $2 billion more for NASA - but more money alone is not enough. We must not only retain our space workforce so that we don't let other countries surpass our technical capabilities; we must train new scientists and engineers for the next generation. My comprehensive space policy focuses on reaching new frontiers through human space exploration, tapping the ingenuity of our commercial space entrepreneurs, fostering a broad research agenda to break new ground on the world's leading scientific discoveries, and engaging students through educational programs that excite them about space and science. As a child, I remember sitting on my grandfather's shoulders and watching the Apollo astronauts return from a splashdown to Hickam Air Force Base, dreaming of where they had been. It inspired my imagination and gave me confidence in what we as Americans could achieve. It's time for a space program that inspires our children again. As President, I will lead our space program boldly into the 21st Century - so when my daughters, and all our children, look up to the skies, they see Americans leading the way into the deepest reaches of our solar system.

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Chandrayaan-1 Enters Deep Space
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Chandrayaan-1 Enters Deep Space

Chandrayaan , India 2 Comments


Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft has entered deep space after crossing the 150,000 km (one and a half lakh km) distance mark from the Earth. ?This happened after the successful completion of the spacecraft’s third orbit raising manoeuvre today (October 26, 2008) morning.

During this manoeuvre which was initiated at 07:08 IST, the spacecraft’s 440 Newton liquid engine was fired for about nine and a half minutes. With this, Chandrayaan-1 entered a much higher elliptical orbit around the Earth. The apogee (farthest point to Earth) of this orbit lies at 164,600 km while the perigee (nearest point to Earth) is at 348 km. In this orbit, Chandrayaan-1 takes about 73 hours to go round the Earth once.

The antennas of the Indian Deep Space Network at Byalalu are playing a crucial role in tracking and communicating with Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft in such a high orbit. The spacecraft performance is normal. More orbit raising manoeuvres are planned in the coming few days to take Chandrayaan-1 towards the Moon.


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Chandrayaan-1 : India's 1st Unmanned Moon Mission

Astronomy , Chandrayaan 0 Comments



The Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, India's first unmanned scientific mission to the moon, blasted off successfully towards destination moon from Sriharikota, about 80 km from Chennai today. India now has joined an exclusive club of nations including the US, former Soviet Union, European Space Agency, China and Japan to have sent missions to moon. The two-year mission is aimed at laying the groundwork for further Indian space expeditions.

Chief among the mission's goals is mapping not only the surface of the moon, but what lies beneath. India joined what's shaping up as a 21st century space race with Chinese and Japanese crafts already in orbit around the moon.


"It is a proud moment for us. We have worked almost eight years towards the entire mission," K. Kasturirangan, former chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Rajya Sabha member, told IANS.

"With Chandrayaan-1, we are entering a new era of planetary exploration, which will be a major component of human endeavour in the 21st century. This effort and similar efforts in the coming years will put India in a unique position to be an active partner in major global efforts involving planetary exploration and exploitation," he added.

Echoing Kasturirangan, the main brain behind India's moon mission, U.R. Rao, former chairman of ISRO said he felt great about the successful launch of Chandrayaan-1.

"It is a joyous day for the entire country. The mission demonstrates India's capability in launch vehicles and sending spacecraft beyond earth's orbit. It is a proud moment for the Indian space community," said Rao.

"I am ecstatic. It is a great initiative. Rather overdue as it will be the first beyond earth. The success of the mission will lead to a second wave of adventure in space in line with the vision of the founders of the Indian space programme such as Vikram Sarabhai and Satish Dhawan," said Roddam Narasimaiah, member Indian Space Commission, Bangalore.

Delving on the importance of the moon mission, Kasturirangan said being the first mission beyond the earth's orbit, Chandrayaan-1 would establish India's credentials as a leader in space technology, including indigenous development of powerful launch vehicles and spacecraft.

"Six of the 11 scientific experiments in the spacecraft being foreign payloads demonstrates the confidence space-faring nations such as the US and the European Space Agency have in our ability to venture into lunar exploration," he added.

For the billion-strong Indians, the mission exemplifies the tremendous progress the country has made in science and technology despite poverty and illiteracy on the other side.

"On one side, the lunar mission will put India on the world map of high-level cooperation in space technology. On the other, it strengthens our resolve to fight issues like poverty, hunger and illiteracy through strategies," said Kasturirangan.

"The entire space community has worked hard for years for this great leap in space technology. Launch is one aspect. Putting the spacecraft in the lunar orbit about 100 km from the moon's surface involves intricate manoeuvres at different levels for over 18 days before it is successfully placed in the pre-designated slot," added Kasturirangan.

Narasimaiah said after the successful launch of Chandrayaan-1, India now had to rethink on what it had to do in space.

"This is the first step in looking at space beyond earth. The entire mission demonstrates that India has the capability to launch its own rockets and put satellites beyond earth. We already have the capability. It is being harnessed now," he said.

"For the country and its people, the mission to the moon may not bring tangible benefits in the immediate future, but can potentially lead to in the next 20 years. The issue will be how well we can use lunar resources. That depends on how much we find what is on moon and the technology we have to develop to make use of the resources."

The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA) also issued a statement congratulating the space scientists behind the successful launch.

The apex body of scientists in the country said the launch would help India economically and strategically.

"Successful blasting of Chandrayan-1 from the second launch pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota has not only put the country into the select club that have sent missions to the moon, it will also help the country economically and strategically," said V.M. Trehan, chairman of ISCA, Delhi chapter.

India is certainly making waves with it's recent upsurge in space technology, anti-gravity propulsion systems to be unleashed by 2012 ... India is in the know of things to come !


Source : The Hindu


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